The
Ming Tombs are located about 30 miles northwest of Beijing at the
foot of the Tianshou Mountains. Located here are the tombs of 13
of the 16 Ming Dynasty emperors. Dragon Hill lies to the east and
Crouching Tiger Hill to the west. The first emperor to be buried
here was Yongle who died in 1424. His tomb, Chang Ling, and that
of Emperor Zhu Yijun, Ding Ling, who died in 1620, are the only
two opened to visitors today.
Emperor
Yongle was significant in Chinese history as it was he who moved
the capital from Nanjing to Beijing after its reconstruction. He
also made many changes to the institutional forms of the state founded
by his father, the first Ming emperor. Yongle's tomb served as the
model for the other tombs that followed. The Emperor and Empress
were buried, as was the Chinese tradition, under a large mound in
underground vaults.
One
of the more impressive sights at the Ming Tombs is the Sacred Way.
The Sacred Way runs for about a kilometer and is flanked on both
sides by carvings of human and animal figures. There are 12 large
stone human figures and 24 of animals, all carved from a single
blocks of granite in 1435 during the 10th year of the reign of Emperor
Xuan De.
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